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discharge lamp principle and its characteristics
Product Principle
Discharge lamp is composed by three parts of the high-frequency generator, coupler and lamp. It is through the electromagnetic field of high frequency generator coupled to the induction of the way to the light, so that the avalanche ionization, the formation of the plasma gas inside the bulb. Plasma by the excited atoms return to the ground state radiate ultraviolet light. Bulb inner wall of the phosphor by ultraviolet excitation to produce visible light.
Features
1, the light bulb filament, the electrode, the product life of up to 60,000 hours or more.
2, high luminous efficiency, high frequency induction lamp 70Lm / W, low-frequency electrodeless lamp 75Lm / W.
3, the color rendering index of 80 or more, using quality tricolor phosphor, the color is not distorted.
4, wide voltage operation, a working voltage of 185V-255V.
5, high-frequency operating frequency is 2.65MHz, the low frequency operating frequency is 230Hz, security no stroboscopic effect
6, the light fades, up to 80% lumen maintenance after 20,000 hours
7, the instantaneous startup start-up time of less than 0.5 seconds
8, the start-up temperature is low, and to adapt to the temperature range of minus 25 degrees, can be the normal start-up and work.
9, the power factor can be as high as 0.95.
10, security, reliability, green, truly maintenance-free, free replacement.
Dry type transformer low voltage outlets
A low-voltage standard closed bus: engineering wiring if the choice of the enclosed bus (also known as the Plug-in bus
or intensive busways), dry type transformers available in standard enclosed bus terminal, convenience and external
busbar connection.
Supporting the provision with housing (IP20) product, on the shell top cover closed bus flange; without enclosure
(IP00) product, provides only closed busbar terminals.
2, the horizontal side of the low-voltage standard outlet: when dry-type transformers and low voltage distribution
panel placed side by side, in order to facilitate their terminals connected, the transformer can provide a low-
pressure horizontal side of the outlet, usually associated with the GGD, GCK, MNS low-voltage screen match to sign the
Transformer Factory and Switchgear Factory interface with the Minutes, confirm with the interface detailed size to
ensure that the on-site installation smooth. Information source: 365zhanlan.com
3, the low-voltage standard cubic row side of the outlet: the horizontal side of the outlet, elected domino screen
busbar low voltage distribution panel for the vertical layout of the transformer provides a low voltage stand rows of
side outlet.
Rapid development in recent years combined transformer
Now, the city network construction and transformation of high pressure directly into the city, depth load center substation equipment, electricity by underground cable transmission and distribution equipment coordinated with the surrounding environment. Require safe and reliable power distribution equipment, high-performance (ie, low loss, low noise, high resistance to short-circuit strength), size is becoming smaller, easy-to-use installation, maintenance-free or less to maintain. Combined Transformer is a new type of distribution equipment. Combined transformer is a combination of the body of the transformer, switchgear, fuses, tap, and the corresponding auxiliary equipment transformer. The early 1990s, combined transformer was introduced to China from the United States (in China known as "American box change"). Because of its compact structure, quick installation, flexible operation, safe and reliable, simple maintenance, environmental green, and other advantages, quickly accepted by the majority of the electricity sector and user. To date, approximately 2000 American box running in dozens of cities in China power grid, and its running well. However, due to the U.S. power system and transformers technical standards are quite different from China, coupled with the impact of the price, and in the American box just introduced to China in a few years, the progress is slow. At present, China s combined transformer only a rapid development of the situation. Combined domestic transformer manufacturers of small batch production has been nearly home, there are dozens of related components supporting plants.
The Haikou civilized East Road telephone poles transformer explosion dozens of residents to power failure
The Haikou February 16, the message "laugh …… Boom!" Sound violent explosions accompanied by a fireball, so that residents in the vicinity of the the Haikou civilized East Road, Dongfeng Bridge nervous. At 20:30 on the 15th, the Dongfeng bridge a telegraph pole transformer burst into flames, a direct result of the transformer burned on the spot. Fortunately, no casualties, but dozens of residents of nearby power outage overnight in the evening.
15 at 9 pm, reporter on the scene saw. In two police at the scene to maintain order, the three southern power grid repair staff view the damaged condition. Electric pole on the side, the two transformers have been burnt, a few traces of wires burning crumbling, the air was filled with the smell of burning an. Residents, Mr. Zhang said the incident occurred, he heard the transformer issue of "Chi Chi" sound, but also to see the waves of electro-optical, then "boom" with a bang, a mass diameter full half a meter long big fireball. After the incident, someone to call 119 the police, who heard about the fire officers and soldiers use water cannons to extinguish the flame.
According to the repair personnel, the explosion led to the burning transformer has been completely damaged and must be replaced to the new transformer, but the specific cause of the incident needs further investigation. From the scene, the reporter also learned that the power-off shops and residents of the civilized East Road, Dongfeng Bridge Street side of the dozens of families. 8:00 pm on the 16th, the new transformer has changed and restore the region near the power supply.
Domestic transformer industry developments
Electronic transformer industry in the two position, as long as walking skills renovation of the road, the ability to get rid of the dilemma of the two bullied. However, in mature electronic transformer industry, skills refurbished comparison difficult. However, the improvement of each small link will be able to bring new ideas and new products.
Walking skills refurbished the road, we should always remember to reach the target. Electronic transformer in the power, like all the same as a commodity product any skills renovation, are necessary for the detailed function of the detailed use of conditions, to seek performance of the price than the best. Today s power products are widely characterized by "light, thin, short and small" to expand the miniaturization and portability. Electronic transformer necessary to adapt the size and weight of the request as the user s power supply products. At the same time, the electronic transformer of the original data (core data and conductivity data) prices fall. Thus, how to reduce the size and weight, how to land the capital has become important direction in recent years carried out by the complex of electronic transformers.
Silicon steel is the working frequency a small amount of the use of power electronic transformer core. To add the dosage of the electronic transformer core task of the necessary progress in silicon flux density (the Task flux density). Flux density is the choice of silicon steel task saturation flux density, but also a choice in the loss. Effectiveness is an important performance indicators for electronic transformers, now to save energy, many power products are proposed standby power request. The electronic transformer core loss is an important component of local standby loss, therefore, the effectiveness of the electronic transformer or loss to understand the severe request.
In recent years, the orientation and non-oriented cold rolled silicon steel price down, winding toroidal core, compared to the Type R, CD and EI core consumer information, thrift more than 20% of the core information capital, expansion scale use of electronic transformers. Winding ring core sufficient to display the performance of oriented cold rolled silicon steel and cold-rolled non-oriented steel, Task flux density is much higher. Not like the Type R, CD-type EI type core, the adequate application of silicon data, there will be no scrap materials, information on application rates can reach more than 98%.
twin screw extruder to achieve localization for the first time
China has independently developed the 200,000-ton polypropylene twin-screw extruder, etc. finally succeeded. The trial run of
the unit, etc. The results show that the indicators they got production requirements. Vital as the polymer mixing processing
configuration, large-scale twin-screw extruder to achieve localization is still the first time.
This huge skills and equipment developed by the major companies, research institutes link. R & D personnel work together to
research, more than three years of the end of Britain, and finally to make large-scale twin-screw extrusion units, and other
domestic projects to large to be rolled together, make up the gap.
According to reports, China s introduction of a 350,000 t / year production ability of the twin-screw extruder will take about
$ 12 million. Of ethylene production capacity projections, if necessary, the introduction of 35 tons / year of large-scale twin-
screw extruder of 28 sets at a cost of about $ 450 million. Of 20 sets of large and medium-sized ethylene plant ethylene
production ability can reach 17 million tons, the output is 14 million tons, ranking third in the world. Prior to Global only
three companies in Germany and Japan have complete sets of large-scale twin-screw extruder, such as planning and manufacturing
skills. Of allocation can only be long-term sustenance of imports, resulting in a monopoly market for foreign enterprises, jointly
shill.
In 2007, the National Development and Reform Commission set the ethylene industry long-term growth of special planning,
Ethylene Industry enormous skills and equipment to speed up the industrialization process, Atsushi vital skills and equipment
breakthroughs in key areas, more than growth. Ethylene plant vital manufacturing skills to open up and configuration of
manufacturing "to participate in the current national focus on encouraging the growth of industries, products and skills
directory. As the core equipment of the ethylene production process despicable processes – large-scale twin-screw extruder is an
important group of China s large-scale ethylene vital to configure localization into departments.
to talk about the use of film blowing machine how to get rich
More categories of film blowing machine, pe, pof, etc., blow with the new particle is a new material, color, said clean, bag stretch was made from recycled plastic bags made of particles, this particles is generally known as the old material, usually made of particles is gray, add pigment, made bags are usually made of the bag coloring uneven, brittle and easily broken, the price is also lower, although the recycling of plastic bags, but in general are garbage plastic bag-making process in the waste bag and in the usual sense is a big difference.
Film blowing machine production of membrane applied to a variety of high-grade film packaging. The membrane barrier, preservation, moisture, frost, and oxygen barrier, oil, and can be widely used for light and heavy packaging. Such as the packaging of a variety of fresh fruit, meat, pickles, fresh milk, liquid beverage, medical supplies and so on.
Environmental film blowing machine production of plastic convenient bag, this humble product, but it can affect thousands of families, with people\\ s lives, and everyone needs, whether it is shopping in a supermarket, or the bazaar to buy food, and everyone must, shop store essential environmental film blowing machine production of plastic bags is the most widely used in China, the maximum amount of disposable consumer goods. The broad market prospects of environmental film blowing machine, the production of convenient bags, lucrative market is huge, inexhaustible. Can speak as long as the transactions, and ultimately, convenient bags, according to preliminary statistics, the per day consumption of at least a plastic bag, a city or town every day tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands of plastic bags, film blowing machine sales channels very wide, market consumption astonishing, and the market demand is growing every day environmental film blowing machine plastic convenient bag without brand, in short supply. Blown film unit is suitable for blowing low density polyethylene (ldpe), high density polyethylene (hdpe) and linear low-density (lldpe), such as plastic film, widely used in fruit, food, clothing, textiles, species planted, commodity inside and outside of civil and industrial packaging.
Policy power LED lighting technology to catch up time
"Green energy" is the future of mankind, "the 12th Five-core. Semiconductor lighting industry is highly valued as a low energy,
low-emission model, strategic emerging industries in the national emission reduction targets. As a strategic technology for
national development of next-generation lighting, LED lighting is expected to become the biggest winner of the green lighting
products.
LED lighting industry in the rapidly growing at the same time, there have been many problems: lack of independent research and
development capabilities, lack of industry standards, product homogeneity serious, blind investment, patents and intellectual
property. The many factors affecting its development, the technical problem is the primary obstacle to cross in front of the LED
domestic enterprises. However, the country almost did not grasp the LED core technology enterprises, most enterprises in the
midstream and downstream industry chain; only a small number of domestic enterprises in the upstream industry chain, and the
production of exceptionally difficult. Industry technical progress is slow, low level of product innovation, technical content is
not enough as a result of the lack of LED industry s core competitiveness.
Throughout the lighting market abroad, the European lighting giant Philips and Osram was 2000 years ago, spent a lot of the
basic technology of LED lighting. OSRAM in the white LED with a fluorescent material has been lead.
The United States CREE, Lumileds, bridgELux, and lighting company has firmly grasped the core technology of the LED chip.
Japan has the highest brightness LED production technology and packaging used in high-grade phosphor technology is a world
leader, and Japan have for technology policy of blockade. South Korea and Taiwan has a more mature semiconductor manufacturing and
R & D 70% of the world s high-end LED chip manufacturing is done in this area.
Domestic and international experience has shown, LED Industrial Park, gathered together to research the core technology is an
important way to achieve development.
"Efficient key material of semiconductor lighting technology research and development of major projects application guide the
development status of China s semiconductor lighting technology, the core of the upper and middle reaches of industrial
development in the semiconductor lighting of common technology, cutting-edge technology, the industrialization of key
technologies, a specific deployment. The project focused on improving the core of international competitiveness of China s
semiconductor lighting industry and the capability of independent innovation of great significance for China s energy-saving
lighting, adjust the structure of the traditional lighting industry and to foster strategic emerging industries.
Xu Jian, chief expert of the field of new materials expert group of the National 863 Program, said, according to the "12th
Five-Year Plan, semiconductor lighting project localization rate to reach 70% in 2015, the chip, the industry reached 500 billion
yuan, faced with tremendous opportunities in related businesses .
The introduction of this document, indicating the government from pilot projects to promote the development of semiconductor
lighting industry development plan policy and funding support, which will lead the LED industry to a more professional, more
orderly direction. Domestic LED lighting companies, should take this as an opportunity to make clear and specific enterprise
development planning to take this golden opportunity of technology innovation, focus on the LED-based technology and core
technology research, to create a superior environment for innovation, the introduction of technological innovation talent to
improve the capability of independent innovation, and lay the foundation for future development of enterprises.
Only the first mastered the advanced technology, in order to get rid of the foreign enterprises in patent and intellectual
property constraints, in order to reduce the production costs of LED products; only mastered the technology to improve product
quality, market and consumer recognition.
In another development, Guangdong province as LED production in order to better integrate scientific and technological
strength, a few days ago, Science and Technology Department of Guangdong Province and the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute
of Semiconductors, Industrial Technology Research Institute of Guangdong Province, National Semiconductor Lighting Project R & D
and Industry Alliance cooperation. the establishment of the Industrial Technology Research Institute of Guangdong Province
Semiconductor Lighting to promote LED technology research.
The era of knowledge-based economy, supporting role in the economic and social development of technological progress and
technological innovation will become increasingly prominent, "12" will be "Made in China" critical period of industrial
restructuring and cross promotion, Chinese enterprises need to plan ahead. I believe, under the guidance of the "12th Five-Year
Plan, Chinese enterprises will be achieved through independent innovation, break through the white light for general lighting core
technology and industrialization of key technologies, improve the technological innovation system, to foster scientific and
technological innovation leading talent and innovative team, to establish a specialty industrial base, the formation of the
international competitiveness of the semiconductor lighting emerging strategic industries "," 12 strategic objectives.
discharge lamp principle and its characteristics
Product Principle
Discharge lamp is composed by three parts of the high-frequency generator, coupler and lamp. It is through the electromagnetic field of high frequency generator coupled to the induction of the way to the light, so that the avalanche ionization, the formation of the plasma gas inside the bulb. Plasma by the excited atoms return to the ground state radiate ultraviolet light. Bulb inner wall of the phosphor by ultraviolet excitation to produce visible light.
Features
1, the light bulb filament, the electrode, the product life of up to 60,000 hours or more.
2, high luminous efficiency, high frequency induction lamp 70Lm / W, low-frequency electrodeless lamp 75Lm / W.
3, the color rendering index of 80 or more, using quality tricolor phosphor, the color is not distorted.
4, wide voltage operation, a working voltage of 185V-255V.
5, high-frequency operating frequency is 2.65MHz, the low frequency operating frequency is 230Hz, security no stroboscopic effect
6, the light fades, up to 80% lumen maintenance after 20,000 hours
7, the instantaneous startup start-up time of less than 0.5 seconds
8, the start-up temperature is low, and to adapt to the temperature range of minus 25 degrees, can be the normal start-up and work.
9, the power factor can be as high as 0.95.
10, security, reliability, green, truly maintenance-free, free replacement.
Blood donation safety issues of greatest public concerns
100 News as an \\ offer\\ , I hope you can join the ranks of non-remunerated blood donation to save the lives of others
with their own blood. \"
Yesterday afternoon, deputy director of the Wuhan City to donate blood do, Wuhan Blood Center, deputy director Ren
Zhangqing Wuhan Blood Center public service chief of the Yuan Ming super came to this newspaper to answer the Citizen
Hotline. Within one hour, a total of more than 10 enthusiastic members of the public answers to the blood donation
doubt, in which, blood safety issues most concern.
Want to donate blood but afraid of becoming on the disease
Ma: Every time I hear a blood shortage of news, I sprouted the idea of blood donation, but are afraid of needles are
not clean.
Chang Ching: formal medical institutions such as needles used in medical equipment, all one-time use, even blood bags
will not be reused, this is because the blood bag, with anticoagulants, blood mixed with blood, blood to the patient
after the blood bag was empty, and can no longer be recycled for use. In addition, the Blood Center\\ s blood collection
and Blood house all built according to health requirements, and there are strict disinfection measures, blood donation
safety is fully guaranteed, people do not have to worry about.
TJ: offering blood components, blood drawn after separator lose back to the human body, such ability to ensure safety?
Case of the centrifuge clean up clean?
Chang Ching: the composition of blood present only in the Wuhan Blood Center. Composition of blood donation although
sharing a separate machine, centrifuge cup, everyone uses the supplies are disposable. Separation process, the
centrifuge cup into the separator, the blood with the outside world is completely isolated, not come into contact with
the machine, can not cause pollution. Last year, more than 10,000 cases of blood components donation, no case of
infection issues.
Fatty liver can not donate blood
Pang: The nature of my work is the \"three shifts\", and often stay up late, do not know can not donate blood?
Chang Ching: stay up all night should not donate blood. The best rest to ensure 8-9 hours of sleep, they go to donate
blood.
Mr. Cao: I usually exercise less, she is a little fat, do not know whether to be able to donate blood?
Yuan Ming Chao: fat but good health does not matter. However, overweight figure who suffer from fatty liver, the
possibility of suffering from fatty liver may be failed the physical examination and blood donation. Can I donate
blood or blood donation point for check-ups to know.
TJ: I had already been offered more than 4000 ml of blood, and now suffering from high blood pressure, do not know can
not be able to donate blood?
Yuan Ming Chao: high blood pressure patients can not donate blood, and long-term use of antihypertensive drugs, can
cause blood contain medicines, on donee inappropriate. Offering times of blood on the road have a few hours
Liu: in Hankou of Wuhan Blood Center Po Fung Road, and I live in off the mountain, offering a composition of blood
back and forth on the road to spend three or four hours, very inconvenient, normal blood point.
Zhang Qing: Chengdu, Shanghai and other cities, the current blood collection point of Wuhan City is indeed relatively
small. However, there is good news, the Wuchang blood sub-center has been approved, the location is expected in the
Simen Kou, which will be a lot easier.
H: I live in Hanyang, Hanyang Carrefour blood donation house donated blood, and later find inconvenient.
Chang Ching: businesses oppose blood donation house built to a half stop. However, recently prepared the addition of
Blood Collection in the ocean opposite the supermarket, department store, is currently the relevant formalities.
\"Blood card\" Why can not the universal
TJ: I offer in Wuhan blood, offered several times in Shiyan, why Shiyan \"non-remunerated blood donation card\" can not
enjoy preferential use of blood in Wuhan?
Chang Ching: \"non-remunerated blood donation certificate\" the province is indeed not common, this is because each city
offers blood policy, reimbursement measures are not the same blood donors and their immediate family members and
spouses of blood costs only back to the original blood donation locations local reimbursement policies, we can not
universal.
Chen: in four years ago, I had offered a blood, voluntary blood donation card \"is now very old, will affect the I and
the relatives and friends to enjoy the preferential use of blood?
Chang Ching: blood donation usually registered ID number, In addition, \"non-remunerated blood donation card with bar
code can be queried by any one, to the blood donation record, according to this record you can enjoy the preferential
policies blood.
Reimbursement process is too cumbersome
Mr. Wang: wife surgery need blood, why can not I donate blood after immediate reimbursement, and to wait until she was
discharged, then let the relevant treatment documents, but also to bring the account of this in order to be
reimbursed? Why can not place this part of the cost relief in the hospital?
Chang Ching: in accordance with relevant laws and regulations, unpaid blood donors to apply for clinical blood
reimbursement required to submit blood donation certificate, identity card, hospital transfusion charging documents,
the hospital transfusion Certificate; unpaid blood donors to immediate family members ( blood donation certificate
refers to the unpaid blood donors, parents, children, spouse) apply blood for clinical use fee reimbursement, to be
submitted to donors \"identity card\" immediate family \"identity card, proof of relationship and unpaid blood donors
(such as the booklet, marriage certificates, police station or unit certificate), and hospital transfusion charging
documents, the hospital transfusion Certificate, and then to Wuhan Blood Center reimbursement.
Previously been reimbursed with false information, so now to improve reimbursement to prove, to make donors feel more
cumbersome, but at this stage, this situation is also difficult to change, just like in the bank, but also save money
easily take money is difficult. \" In addition, the local relief in the hospital you mentioned, we are considering, but
this involves to the hospital to increase the manpower to step up training, the need for coordination, we do not solve
the Believe that with the gradual deepening medical reform, China will eventually achieve universal free use of blood.